Institutos de longa permanência de idosos: exposição dos profissionais aos riscos físicos / Homes for elderly people: professionals' exposure to physical hazards / Hogares para ancianos: exposición de profesionales a los riesgos físicos

Objetivo: Averiguar a exposição dos profissionais de saúde aos riscos físicos presentes em um Instituto de Longa Permanecia de Idosos. Métodos: estudo descritivo-exploratório, de campo, com abordagem quantitativa e delineamento transversal utilizando-se um checklist elaborado conforme os requisitos das Resoluções da Diretoria Colegiada da ANVISA Nº 283/2005 e 50/2002. Resultados: O campo de estudo apresenta inconformidades frente aos padrões estabelecidos pelas resoluções específicas expondo os profissionais de saúde a riscos físicos, como: distribuição inadequada de mobiliários, choques elétricos, umidade, níveis elevados de pressão sonora, inadequação de espaço e temperatura elevada, entre outros. Conclusão: a Instituição avaliada não está em conformidade com a Legislação pertinente, sendo patente a presença de risco físicos que podem afetar a saúde dos trabalhadores e comprometer sua qualidade do trabalho

Objective: The study's purpose has been to investigate the exposure of professionals to the physical risks present in homes for the elderly people. Methods: It is both a descriptive-exploratory and a field study, which has a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design. Data collection took place using a checklist elaborated according to the requirements of the RDCs from the ANVISA No. 283/2005 and No. 50/2002. Results: The study field presents nonconformities to the standards established by the specific resolutions, then exposing health professionals to physical hazards, such as: furniture inadequate distribution, electric risk, humidity, high sound pressure levels, space inadequacy and high temperature, among others. Conclusion: The assessed Institution is not in compliance with the Legislation in force, thus showing the presence of physical hazards that might affect the health of workers and also compromise their work quality

Objetivo: Averiguar la exposición de los trabajadores de la salud a riesgos físicos presentes en un hogar de ancianos. Métodos: estudio exploratorio descriptivo, de campo con un enfoque cuantitativo y de carácter transversal utilizando un inventario, preparado de conformidad con los requisitos de las resoluciones de la Junta Colegiada de ANVISA No. 283/2005 y 50/2002. Resultados: El campo de estudio tiene inadecuaciones frente a las normas establecidas por las resoluciones específicas exponiendo los trabajadores de salud a riesgos físicos, tales como: inadecuada distribución de los muebles descargas eléctricas, de humedad, de niveles de presión sonora, de falta de espacio y alta temperatura, entre otros. Conclusión: la institución estudiada no está de acuerdo con la legislación pertinente, y es evidente la presencia de riesgo físico que puede afectar la salud de los trabajadores y comprometer su calidad de trabajo

Amniotic membrane as an option for treatment of acute Achilles tendon injury in rats

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of human amniotic membrane (hAM) fragment on inflammatory response, proliferation of fibroblast and organization of collagen fibers in injured tendon. Methods: Sixty rats were divided into 3 groups: C - surgical procedures without tendon lesion and with simulation of hAM application; I - surgical procedures, tendon injury and simulation of hAM application; T - surgical procedures, tendon injury and hAM application. These groups were subdivided into four experimental times (3, 7, 14 and 28 days). The samples underwent histological analysis and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Results: Histological analysis at 14 days, the T group showed collagen fibers with better alignment. At 28 days, the I group presented the characteristics described for the T group at 14 days, while this group presented aspects of a mature connective tissue. FT-IR analysis showed a clear distinction among the three groups at all experimental times and groups T and I presented more similarities to each other than to group C. Conclusion: Acute injury of tendon treated with human amniotic membrane fragment showed a faster healing process, reduction in inflammatory response, intense proliferation of fibroblasts and organization of collagen fibers.

Effect of Brassica oleracea in rats skin wound healing

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of Brassica oleracea herbal balsam on the healing of skin wounds in rats. METHODS: Twenty four rats (Wistar, 60 days, 250 g) were divided into four groups: untreated animals (C) and treated with the ointment (T), subdivided into two experimental times (seven and 16 days). A 3cm² skin wound was made in the back of all animals. 100 ml of the Brassica oleracea was applied twice a day in T group. Biometric analysis was made with images captured at one, four, seven, ten, 13, and 16 days. At seven and 16 days, animals of each group were euthanized. The wound area removed was processed for histological and histomorphometric analysis to quantify birefringent collagen fibers. Statistical analysis was made considering p < 0.05 as significant. RESULTS: Biometric analysis revealed no significant differences between groups in both experimental times studied. However, histomorphometric analysis showed that the number of type I collagen fibers was significantly higher in the specimens of the group T16 compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: Brassica oleracea accelerated the wound healing process increasing the number of type I collagen fibers and the maturity of the newly formed tissue.

Identification of skin phototypes through in vivo photoacoustic measurements / Identificação dos fototipos de pele através de medidas fotoacústicas in vivo

The aim of the present work was to classify and identify skin phototypes through in vivo photoacoustic (PA) measurements. Fifty-seven female volunteers took part in the study, being clinically evaluated and classified according to skin phototype (Fitzpatrick classification). After cleaning the skin area to be measured, the PA signal level was obtained for the inner and outer faces of both forearms. Volunteers were then classified according to the respective PA signal amplitude; subsequently, this classification was compared to the phototype classification and to the recently proposed Baumann classification. Comparison between the PA signal of the inner and outer faces of the forearm shows a highly significant statistical difference (p < 0.005), attributed to the higher pigmentation level of the skin region continuously exposed to solar radiation, demonstrating that skin constitution and aspect are influenced by the level of sun exposure. Comparison among phototypes was performed separately for the inner and outer faces of the forearm. The results show that the PA signal level (amplitude) for the inner forearm tends to scale with skin phototype, also allowing the division of the volunteers in two groups, according to their pigmentation levels and also following the recent Baumann classification. In this way, the photoacoustic methodology presented allows an objective, numerical classification of the skin types.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi de identificar e classificar os fototipos de pele através de mensurações fotoacústicas (PA) utilizada para caracterizar a pele em função da amplitude do sinal observado in vivo. Participaram do estudo cinquenta e sete mulheres voluntárias que incialmente foram avaliadas e classificadas de acordo com o fototipo da pele (classificação de Fritzpatrick). Foram realizadas medidas nas regiões interna e externa de ambos os antebraços, após a limpeza do mesmo com álcool 70%. As voluntárias foram classificadas de acordo com o sinal fotoacústico, em seguida comparados com a classificação proposta recentemente por Baumann. A comparação entre o sinal PA das faces interna e externa do antebraço mostra uma diferença altamente significativa (p < 0,005), atribuída ao maior nível de pigmentação da pele da região continuamente expostos à radiação solar, demonstrando que a constituição do aspecto da pele é influenciada pelo nível de exposição ao sol. A comparação entre os fototipos foi realizada separadamente para as faces interna e externa do antebraço. Os resultados mostram que o nível (amplitude) do sinal PA para a parte interna do antebraço tende a seguir a classificação em fototipos, permitindo também a divisão de voluntários em dois grupos, conforme o nível de pigmentação, seguindo assim a classificação recentemente proposta por Baumann. Assim, a metodologia fotoacústica apresentada permite uma classificação objetiva, numérica, dos tipos de pele.

Influência do alongamento muscular e da mobilização neural sobre a força do músculo quadríceps / Influence of muscle stretching and neural mobilization on the quadriceps muscle strength

Introdução: A mobilização neural e o alongamento muscular estático têm o objetivo de promover a amplitude de movimento. Objetivo: Comparar a influência do alongamento muscular e da mobilização neural na força isométrica de quadríceps. Metodologia: Participaram 39 voluntários, gênero masculino, entre 18 e 27 anos. Foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos com 13 indivíduos cada. Um grupo submetido ao alongamento estático de 30 segundos (GAE), um à mobilização neural (GMN) e um grupo controle (GC) que não fez nenhuma intervenção. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi p?0,05. Resultados: Houve melhora significativa da força muscular no GMN e diferença importante na força antes e após os atendimentos, comparando-se o grupo movimentação neural com o alongamento e com o controle. Conclusões: A mobilização neural foi efetiva para aumentar a força muscular de quadríceps e após a realização do alongamento estático houve redução da força.

Introduction: The neural mobilization and stretching static aim to promote range of motion. Objective: To compare the influence of muscle stretching and neural mobilization in isometric strength of quadriceps. Methods: Thirty-nine patients, male, between 18 and 27 years old were selected. They were divided randomly into three groups with 13 individuals each. The group subjected to static stretch for 30 seconds (SSG), the group submitted to neural mobilization (NMG) and the control group (CG) who made no intervention. The level of significance was p ? 0.05. Results: We observed a significant improvement in muscle strength, and an important difference in strength before and after the sessions, comparing the NMG with the SSG and with the CG. Conclusions: The neural mobilization was effective to increase quadriceps strength, and after the static stretching the force decreased.